Madrid, what to visit - a complete guide to the Spanish capital

What to visit in Madrid? Spain's capital is one of Europe's most vibrant cities, a destination where tradition and modernity live side by side, and I've been there many times. The metropolis stands out for its cultural wealth, great museums, palaces, historic neighbourhoods, incredible gastronomy and lively city life.

With its wide avenues, historic squares, traditional markets and green parks, the city invites you to take a leisurely stroll (on foot). Even with two or three days in Madrid, you can discover the most emblematic places and realise the essence of Madrid.

In this guide, I've put together the main places to visit in Madrid, with practical tips, cultural context and useful information. Whether it's your first visit or you're returning, here you'll find lots of things to do in Madrid and suggestions for a memorable trip - for a weekend or a getaway.

Along with Barcelona or San Sebastián, Madrid is one of my favourite cities in Spain (and you can eat very well in the last two).

Prado Museum

The Prado Museum is one of Europe's greatest cultural references. Founded in the 19th century, it houses an extraordinary collection of European painting - with a special emphasis on Spanish art. Here you can admire works by artists such as Velázquez, Goya, El Greco, Rubens and Bosch, among many others. One of the most famous works is “Las Meninas” by Velázquez, considered one of the most important paintings in history. 

For those who love art and history, this is an absolutely essential visit. The collection reveals the evolution of European art over several centuries and helps to understand Spain's cultural identity.

Get ready for a long queue to buy tickets. That's why ideal is buy your ticket in advance, The museum is large and can be tiring. Choosing a few main rooms and exploring them calmly is the best way to enjoy the experience.

Duration of visit: 2-3 hours
Opening hours: Monday - Saturday: 10 a.m. - 8 p.m. | Sundays and public holidays: 10 a.m. - 7 p.m. | Closed: 1 January, 1 May, 25 December | Reduced opening hours: (10 a.m. - 2 p.m.)

Paseo del Prado

The Paseo del Prado is one of Madrid's most elegant and historic avenues and is considered the cultural heart of the city. This wide thoroughfare, classified as a World Heritage Site by UNESCO. It connects the Plaza de Cibeles to the Retiro Park area and is home to some of Europe's most important museums.

It's an essential walk for anyone who wants to discover what to see in Madrid with art, architecture and green spaces. Along the Paseo del Prado you'll find landmark institutions such as the Prado Museum, the Thyssen-Bornemisza Museum (my favourite) and the Reina Sofía Museum - which form the so-called Art Triangle.

Puerta del Sol

The Puerta del Sol is the true heart of Madrid. This historic square is an iconic meeting point where the famous kilometre zero of Spanish roads is located - from where the distance to the whole country is measured. This is also where New Year's Eve is celebrated, with thousands of people gathering to eat the traditional twelve sultanas at midnight. The atmosphere is always lively, with street performers, shops and cafés.

The Puerta del Sol is an excellent starting point for exploring the historic centre and several of the main monuments. At dusk and at night, it takes on a special energy and is perfect for feeling the rhythm of the city.

El Oso y el Madroño

The statue of the Bear and the Strawberry Tree is one of the official symbols of Madrid. El Oso y el Madroño is one of the most recognisable symbols of the capital of Spain. The sculpture depicts a bear and a strawberry tree, elements featured on the coat of arms of the Spanish capital and deeply linked to its historical identity.

More than just a heraldic emblem, it is an image loaded with historical, cultural and emotional layers. The Bear and Strawberry Tree emblem functions on several levels: on the one hand, as a heraldic symbol that identifies the city; on the other, as a metaphor for the relationship between humanity and the natural environment. 

In its graphic version, the bear usually appears standing, leaning against or interacting with the strawberry tree - a composition that combines strength and delicacy, animal presence and plant fertility. 

The Puerta del Sol, where it is located, is also the geographical and symbolic heart of Spain. From here it's easy to walk to Plaza Mayor or Gran Vía.

San Miguel Market

The Mercado de San Miguel is one of the best-known gastronomic venues in the Spanish capital. Located next to the Plaza Mayor, it combines tradition and modernity. Here you can try tapas, seafood, Iberian ham, cheeses, wines and typical desserts. Although it's quite touristy, the Mercado de San Miguel is still an interesting experience. The atmosphere is elegant and cosmopolitan, ideal for a break between visits to monuments or museums.

Opening hours: Sunday to Thursday 10h00 - 00h00 | Friday and Saturday: 10h00 - 01h00

Chueca neighbourhood

Chueca is known as Madrid's LGBTQ+ neighbourhood, one of Madrid's most modern and cosmopolitan districts. Located close to Gran Vía and the Malasaña neighbourhood, it is a meeting point for culture, fashion and gastronomy.

The centre of the neighbourhood, Plaza de Chueca, is lined with streets full of cafés, tapas bars, independent shops and designer boutiques. The mix of historic buildings and modern spaces creates a vibrant atmosphere, ideal for quiet strolls or for discovering the urban art hidden in the alleyways. At weekends, markets and cultural events bring the area to life.

Neighbourhood of Letters

O Barrio de las Letras is a historic neighbourhood that was home to great writers such as Cervantes, Lope de Vega and Quevedo. The streets preserve this cultural heritage, with literary phrases engraved in the ground. In addition, the neighbourhood mixes tradition and modernity and there you can find bookshops, galleries, cafés, restaurants and a dynamic cultural life.

Strolling around here in the evening is one of the best things to do in Madrid. This is one of my favourite neighbourhoods to visit in the Spanish capital.

Crystal Palace

The Crystal Palace is one of the most enchanting places in Retiro Park. Built in the 19th century, this glass and iron pavilion was inspired by the Crystal Palace in London. It was originally used to display exotic plants. Now it serves as a cultural space linked to the Reina Sofía Museum, hosting temporary exhibitions of contemporary art.

Surrounded by a lake, trees and quiet paths, it's a perfect place for a break during your walk around Retiro. The natural light coming through the structure creates a magical atmosphere, especially at dusk. Even if you don't enter the palace, it's worth walking around. It's one of the must-see places in Madrid.

Opening hours: November to February: 10am - 6pm | April - September: 10am - 9pm | March and October: 10am - 7pm | 24 and 31 December: 10am - 5pm | Close: 1st and 6th January, 1st May and 25th December

Royal Academy of Fine Arts of San Fernando

Less well known than the Prado or the Reina Sofía, this academy is a real cultural gem. It has an important collection of Spanish art, including several works by Goya, as well as sculptures and decorative arts.

The space is quieter and allows for a more relaxed visit. For those looking for cultural experiences off the beaten track, this is an excellent option. The visit helps you understand Spain's artistic evolution and the importance of the academies in training artists over the centuries.

Opening hours: Tuesday to Sunday: 10am to 3pm, including public holidays. CloseMondays; 1st and 6th January; 1st and 30th May; August; 9th November; 23rd, 24th, 25th and 31st December.

Antón Martín Market

Mercado Antón Martín is one of Madrid's most authentic and multicultural markets, located between Barrio de las Letras and Lavapiés. This municipal food market has been a market square since 1776. 

Unlike other more touristy markets, the Mercado Antón Martín maintains a local and relaxed atmosphere, where locals, artists and curious travellers mingle. On the various floors you'll find an interesting mix of traditional stalls, fresh produce shops and small restaurants that reflect Madrid's cultural diversity, with Spanish, Asian, Latin American and Mediterranean options.

As well as gastronomy, the market also stands out for its cultural side. There are spaces dedicated to art, dance and creative activities. It's a great place to take a break during a stroll through the centre and try some tapas. If you're looking for something to do in Madrid off the beaten track, this market is the perfect choice.

Opening hours: 9am-2pm traditional market | 9am-2pm gastronomic market | Closed: Sunday

Reina Sofía Museum

The Reina Sofía is dedicated to modern and contemporary art and is one of the key places to visit in Madrid - for anyone who appreciates art. The Museo Nacional Centro de Arte Reina Sofía is dedicated to modern and contemporary art and is one of the most important cultural venues in Madrid.

The museum's most famous work is Picasso's “Guernica” - a powerful symbol against war and violence. In addition to Picasso, the museum includes works by greats such as Salvador Dalí, Joan Miró and other artists who profoundly marked the 20th century. The building combines historic architecture with modern elements, most notably the exterior panoramic lifts that have already become a visual icon of the museum.

The visit gives you a better understanding of recent artistic developments, avant-garde movements and Spain's role in contemporary art. It's an essential place for those looking for what to see in Madrid and who want to explore a more innovative and provocative cultural side of the city.

The busiest times for visitors are usually in the morning, between 10am and 12pm. If you prefer a quieter visit, consider visiting the museum between 2pm and 6pm.

It is essential to buy your ticket for the Reina Sofía in advance.

Recommended length of visit: 2 hours
Opening hours: Monday to Saturday: 10am to 9pm | Sunday - 10.30am to 2.30pm

The Reina Sofía Museum is closed on 1 and 6 January, 1 May, 15 May, 9 November and 24, 25 and 31 December. 

Madrid's stadiums

The Santiago Bernabéu Stadium is one of the most famous stadiums in the world and the home of Real Madrid. Even for non-football fans, the visit is impressive due to the size, modernity and symbolic importance of this venue for the city of Madrid and for world sport.

In recent years, the stadium has undergone a major renovation, transforming it into a more technological, sustainable and multifunctional space. The tour allows you to explore the stands, the changing rooms, the press room, the pitch and the club museum, where trophies, historic shirts and memorable moments of the team are on display. The experience is very interactive and includes audiovisual resources that tell the story of the club and its most legendary players.

You can book your visit to the Santiago Bernabéu Stadium here. This is an excellent option to include in your itinerary of what to visit in Madrid, especially if you're looking for something different from the traditional museums and monuments. In addition to this, you can also visit Atlético de Madrid's stadium.

Visit duration1h30 to 2h

San Antón Market

San Antón Market, in Chueca neighbourhood, combines the sale of fresh produce with an excellent gastronomic offering, making it a must-see for anyone visiting Madrid. The market is divided into three floors, plus a terrace bar, where you will find everything from gourmet and traditional produce stalls to areas dedicated to sampling international cuisine.

On one of my days in Madrid, I ended up having lunch here - leaning against a counter, because finding a table or a place to sit is a tricky task. As well as buying high-quality ingredients, you can enjoy cooking demonstrations and savour freshly prepared dishes.

Opening hoursMarket stalls - Monday to Saturday, from 9.30 a.m. to 9.30 p.m. | Food stalls - Monday to Sunday, from 12 noon to midnight | Restaurants - Monday to Sunday, from 12 noon to midnight

Retiro Park

The Retiro Park, officially known as the Buen Retiro Park, is one of the most emblematic green spaces in the Spanish capital and one of the places you can't miss on your Madrid itinerary. 

The Retiro Park, together with the Prado Promenade in Madrid, was declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2021 as part of the “Landscape of Light”.

Formerly a royal garden from the 17th century, this park has become a public place and a real lung of the city, ideal for having a picnic, observing the local atmosphere, street artists and musicians. Or just to relax, stroll around and escape the intense pace of the city centre.

There are, however, a few notable attractions within the Parque del Retiro itself. These include the central lake, where you can hire small boats and enjoy a peaceful stroll, as well as the majestic Crystal Palace - one of Madrid's most photographed buildings. There are also themed gardens, sculptures, fountains and cultural spaces, and the park is a frequent venue for exhibitions, concerts and open-air events.

If you're looking for something calm and authentic to see in Madrid, the Retiro Park is a must. Entry is free.

Opening hours: Autumn/Winter: October to March - 6am to 10pm | Spring/Summer: April to September - 6am to 10pm

Temple of Debod

The Temple of Debod is an ancient Egyptian temple more than two thousand years old. It was given by Egypt to Spain in 1968 as a thank you for helping to preserve the temples of Nubia. 

The stones travelled down the Nile on barges to Alexandria, then on cargo ships to Valencia and finally on almost a hundred lorries to the capital. It was then rebuilt stone by stone, creating a unique contrast between Madrid's urban landscape and the architecture of Ancient Egypt. And this makes it the oldest monument in the Spanish capital.

The visit allows you to learn more about the history and ancient Egypt, with reliefs and decorative elements representing deities and rituals. Inside you'll find small exhibitions and information panels explaining the origin of the temple and the transfer process. 

The main thing to remember here is that a visit to the Temple of Debod should be made close to sunset. The golden light reflects off the temple's stones, creating a unique atmosphere and making it one of the most photogenic places to visit in Madrid. 

From there, you can watch the sun set behind the trees of the Casa de Campo. Admission is free.

Opening hours: Tuesday to Sunday: 10 a.m. to 8 p.m. Last admission is half an hour before closing time. | Closed: Mondays and 1 and 6 January, 1 May and 24, 25 and 31 December.

Royal Palace of Madrid

The Royal Palace is one of the most impressive places and one of the main highlights for those looking for what to visit in Madrid. Although the royal family no longer lives here, it is still used for official ceremonies and state events. The building is huge and luxurious, with more than three thousand rooms, making it one of the largest palaces in Europe.

Inside, you can visit rooms decorated with frescoes, tapestries, historic furniture and valuable works of art. The Throne Room, the Royal Chapel and the weapons collection are some of the most striking spaces. The richness and detail reveal the power of the Spanish monarchy over the centuries.

The visit may take some time, but it's worth exploring at your leisure. In the surrounding area, you'll find gardens and viewpoints with excellent views over the city.

Access to the Royal Palace of Madrid and ticket sales end one hour before closing time. I recommend buying in advance online.

Duration of visit: 1h30 - 2 hours

Opening hours: Winter (October to March). Monday to Saturday - 10am to 6pm, and Sundays - 10am to 4pm | Summer (April to September). Monday to Saturday - 10am to 7pm, and Sundays - 10am to 4pm

Closed: 1st and 6th January, 1st May and 25th December. 24th and 31st December: closed from 3pm (ticket office closes at 2pm)

Almudena Cathedral

The Almudena Cathedral is one of the most important and impressive religious monuments among the places to visit in Madrid. Located just opposite the Royal Palace, it stands out for its unique architecture, which combines neoclassical, neo-Gothic and neo-Romanesque styles. 

Construction took more than a century and was only completed in 1993, when it was consecrated by Pope John Paul II, emphasising its spiritual and historical importance.

Inside, the cathedral surprises with its luminosity, the vibrant colours of the stained glass windows and the modern decoration, different from traditional European cathedrals. One of the highlights of the visit is the crypt, considered one of the largest in Spain, with more than 400 columns and remarkable sculptural details. You can also go up to the dome, from where you can get fantastic panoramic views of the historic centre and the Royal Palace.

Visiting the Almudena Cathedral is essential if you're looking for what to see in Madrid, especially if you like history, architecture and religious art. Its privileged location allows it to be easily combined with other nearby points of interest, making it an obligatory stop on any itinerary through the Spanish capital.

Duration of visit: 45 minutes
Opening hours: Daily: 10am-8.30pm September to June | 10am-2pm July and August

Plaza Mayor

Plaza Mayor is one of the most emblematic squares and a must-see in Madrid. Built in the 17th century during the reign of Philip III, it quickly became the social, commercial and cultural centre of the Spanish capital. Over the centuries, it has hosted markets, festivals, bullfights, royal ceremonies and even Inquisition trials, becoming a true symbol of Madrid's history.

Now it's a space surrounded by buildings with arcades, restaurants and cafés where you can sit on a terrace and watch the incessant movement of locals and tourists.

The highlights are the Casa de la Panadería, with its colourful frescoes, and the equestrian statue of Philip III in the centre of the square. Here you'll find numerous cafés and traditional restaurants where you can try local specialities such as the famous “bocadillo de calamares”.

Its central location makes it easy to combine with other nearby attractions, such as Puerta del Sol and San Miguel Market. The restaurants and shops are usually open between 10am and 11pm.

Gran Vía

Gran Vía is the most famous avenue in the Spanish capital and one of the most vibrant places to include on your list of things to see in Madrid. Built at the beginning of the 20th century, it connects Calle de Alcalá to Plaza de España and quickly became the commercial, cultural and social centre of the city. 

The architecture is one of the highlights, with emblematic buildings such as the Telefónica Building and the Metrópolis Building, which reflect styles like the art deco and neo-baroque. The Plaza del Callao area is particularly lively, with illuminated screens and a characteristic urban atmosphere.

At night, Gran Vía is transformed. Here you'll find major international brands, historic shops, cinemas, hotels and some of the city's most important theatres. It is often compared to Broadway, in New York, or the Champs-Elysées.

The shops are open between 10am and 9pm, while the theatres and restaurants have their own opening hours. Whether you're shopping, watching a show or simply taking a stroll, this is one of the places you can't miss on your Madrid itinerary.

Plaza de España

Plaza de España is one of the most emblematic squares, located at the end of Gran Vía. It serves as a connection point between different important areas of the capital, such as the Malasaña neighbourhood, the Royal Palace and Parque del Oeste, making it a strategic place to include on your Madrid itinerary.

The highlight is the monument dedicated to Miguel de Cervantes, author of Don Quixote. In the centre is a statue of the writer, accompanied by the famous figures of Don Quixote and Sancho Panza. The surrounding area includes garden areas, fountains and seating areas - the ideal place for a break while you're visiting Madrid.

In addition to its cultural importance, Plaza de España is also surrounded by iconic buildings such as the Madrid Tower and the Spain Building, which mark the capital's urban skyline. The proximity of the Plaza de España to the Temple of Debod makes it easy to combine a visit - especially at the end of the day, when the sunset offers an unforgettable backdrop.

Cibeles Fountain

The Fuente de Cibeles is one of the most emblematic and photogenic places in the city, and it's practically impossible not to include it on your list of places to visit in Madrid. Located on a large roundabout, it connects several important neighbourhoods.

Located in the Plaza de Cibeles, this 18th century neoclassical fountain depicts the goddess Cibeles on a chariot pulled by lions and is one of the great symbols of the Spanish capital. In addition to its artistic value, it is also a place steeped in history, where Real Madrid traditionally celebrates its victories.

The square is surrounded by impressive buildings such as the Palacio de Cibeles (which since 2007 has been the seat of the Madrid City Council), the Bank of Spain and the Palacio de Linares. 

Among the things to do in Madrid, I recommend combining this stop with a visit to the Paseo del Prado or a walk to Retiro Park. You can also go up to the viewpoint of the Palacio de Cibeles for a panoramic view of the square. When I was last in Madrid, the viewpoint was closed indefinitely.

Puerta de Alcalá

The Puerta de Alcalá is an imposing 18th-century neoclassical gateway that marked the old access to the city for those arriving from Aragon and Catalonia. Built during the reign of Charles III, the Puerta de Alcalá stands out for its elegant architecture and decorative sculptures that symbolise the modernisation of the city at that time. 

The monument stands in the centre of a large roundabout, surrounded by major avenues, creating an impressive vista. Due to its history, location and symbolism, the Puerta de Alcalá is one of Madrid's must-see sights. For those who enjoy photography, the early hours of the morning are also ideal, when there is less traffic.

Malasaña neighbourhood

Barrio de Malasaña is one of Madrid's most authentic and vibrant neighbourhoods. Located between Gran Vía and Plaza de España, this historic neighbourhood was the epicentre of Movida Madrileña in the 1980s, a cultural movement that transformed the city into a creative, irreverent and energetic capital.

Streets like Calle del Espíritu Santo and Plaza del Dos de Mayo are full of independent cafés, vintage shops, urban art galleries and colourful murals. It's also a neighbourhood for discovering little nooks and crannies, sampling local cuisine and feeling the young pulse of the city.

La Latina neighbourhood

Located next to the historic centre, La Latina is one of Madrid's oldest and most charismatic neighbourhoods. This Madrid neighbourhood invites you to take a leisurely stroll. Highlights include the squares - such as Plaza de la Cebada and Plaza de los Carros - where you'll find tapas bars and small typical taverns. Or Calle de la Cava Baja, which comes alive at night. 

La Latina is also popular for its huge El Rastro Sunday market. This is one of the capital's most emblematic markets, where you can find everything from antiques to vintage clothes.

Thyssen-Bornemisza Museum

The Thyssen-Bornemisza National Museum is one of my favourite museums in Madrid. It completes the so-called “Golden Triangle of Art” - along with the Prado and the Reina Sofía.

This museum has one of the most comprehensive collections in Europe and includes art from the Renaissance to the 20th century. The Thyssen-Bornemisza includes pieces by masters such as Van Eyck, Caravaggio, Monet, Van Gogh and Picasso. The layout of the rooms allows you to follow the evolution of European painting, providing an educational and immersive experience. In addition, the museum organises temporary exhibitions that complement the permanent collection, making each visit unique.

In my opinion, there are two ways to visit this museum. If you prefer a chronological tour (in terms of the evolution of art) I recommend starting on the top floor - which in my view is also the least interesting. On the other hand, if you start on the top floor, you'll reach the lower floors with less energy to appreciate the most recent (and in my opinion), most appealing works. That's why it might be better to start your visit on the lower floor (as I did).

I highly recommend to buy tickets in advance and allow around 2 to 3 hours to enjoy the works of art. Opening hours: Monday: 12 p.m. – 4 p.m. — Tuesday to Sunday: 10 a.m. – 7 p.m.

Plaza de la Armería

Plaza de la Armería is one of Madrid's most monumental and elegant squares. Located between Madrid's Royal Palace and the Almudena Cathedral, it stands out for its impressive views and sense of grandeur.

This is an essential place to understand the royal past and the historical importance of the capital. The square's main highlight is its direct connection to the most emblematic buildings of the Spanish monarchy. This is where official ceremonies take place, such as the surrender of the guard, which attracts many visitors. The Guard Rally in Madrid takes place on Wednesdays and Saturdays between 11am and 2pm (10am to 12pm in July and August).

The Trail

El Rastro is the street market that takes place on Sundays and public holidays in the La Latina neighbourhood. It's a real paradise for those who love markets and antiques. You'll find everything from vintage clothes and handicrafts to second-hand records and books. Even if you don't buy anything, it's worth a visit for the atmosphere.

After the market, many Madrilenians continue their day in the tapas bars in the area. It's an excellent opportunity to combine shopping, gastronomy and culture.

Duration of visit: 2-3 hours | Opening hours: Sundays and public holidays: 9am - 3pm

Neptune Fountain

The Neptune Fountain is another of the city's monumental symbols. Located between the Prado Museum and the Retiro Park, this monumental 18th-century fountain depicts the god of the sea in a chariot pulled by seahorses. This is an elegant example of the neoclassical art that marked the modernisation of the city during the reign of Charles III.

It's an essential point to include in your Madrid itinerary, especially because of its strategic location. Like the Fuente de Cibeles, this fountain also has a special significance for Madrid football, as it is the traditional place of celebration for Atlético de Madrid fans. 

San Fernando Market

Located in the Lavapiés neighbourhood, the San Fernando Market is less touristy and more local. It's a vibrant space that combines fresh produce, handicrafts, gastronomy, culture and events.

Here you can try international dishes, artisan products and traditional tapas. There are also bookshops, cultural spaces and activities throughout the year. It's an excellent alternative to the more well-known markets and one of the places to visit in Madrid to discover the city's cultural diversity.

I recommend trying tapas or typical dishes in the small restaurants in the market, exploring the stalls selling artisanal products and, if possible, taking part in a workshop or event that is taking place. I too took the opportunity to take a break and recharge my batteries here, with some tapas and a glass of red wine.

Opening hours: Monday: 9 a.m. – 2.30 p.m. and 5.30 p.m. – 9 p.m. | Tuesday – Saturday: 9 a.m. to 10 p.m. | Sunday: 11 a.m. to 6 p.m.

San Ildefonso Market

This modern gastronomic market in the Malasaña neighbourhood is inspired by international street food markets. It has several floors with creative proposals and a young atmosphere.

The atmosphere is relaxed and cosmopolitan and it's a suitable place for an informal meal or to try new flavours. However, this was a place that didn't fascinate me. As well as being too dark, almost claustrophobic, the atmosphere and the food served didn't inspire me - at all. So I was in and out in a matter of minutes.

Opening hours: Sunday to Thursday: 13h - 01h | Friday and Saturday: 13h - 00h

Sabatini Gardens

The Sabatini Gardens are one of Madrid's most elegant and scenic green spaces, located next to the Royal Palace. Created in the 20th century over the palace's old stables, these gardens are a perfect combination of classical architecture and careful landscaping.

The highlight of the Jardines de Sabatini is its geometric flowerbeds, ornamental fountains and sculptures that give the space a special charm. 

Duration of visit: 45-60 minutes | Opening hours: 9am-2pm

Jardín del Capricho

Built in 1784 by the Duke and Duchess of Osuna on the outskirts of Madrid, El Capricho combines French, English and Italian styles. The Jardín del Capricho was frequented by artists, thinkers and bullfighters of the 18th century, such as the writer Leandro Fernández de Moratín and the painter Francisco de Goya.

With a wealth of botanical treasures and marvellous sculptures, the park is home to a mansion, a bandstand, a labyrinth and a small lake. The park is also home to a bunker from the Spanish Civil War, which served as the headquarters of the Republican Army. This shelter was capable of protecting soldiers from bombs weighing up to 100kg.

Opening hours: Saturdays, Sundays and public holidays. October to March: 9am to 6.30pm | April to September: 9am to 9pm

Basilica of San Francisco el Grande

Declared a National Monument in 1980, the Royal Basilica of San Francisco el Grande is still little known to many visitors.

Built in the 18th century in a neoclassical style, the basilica's interior is surprisingly decorated with frescoes, sculptures and paintings by great Spanish artists, including works by Francisco de Goya. According to tradition, the church stands on the land that was given to St Francis of Assisi after he passed through Madrid in 1214 on his pilgrimage to Santiago de Compostela.

The location also makes it possible to combine the visit with a stroll through the La Latina neighbourhood or to the Parque de las Vistillas viewpoint, which offers beautiful views of the city. 

Opening hours: October to June: 10.30 a.m. to 2.30 p.m. and 4 p.m. to 6.30 p.m. | July to September: 10.30 a.m. to 3.30 p.m.

Velázquez Palace

The Palacio de Velázquez, located in the Retiro Park, is an elegant 19th-century building that hosts temporary exhibitions of contemporary art. The brick and iron structure is reminiscent of the pavilions of the great European exhibitions of the time. Built at the end of the 19th century for the National Mining Exhibition, the Palacio de Velázquez stands out for its combination of iron, glass and ceramics. 

Inspired by Joseph Paxton's Crystal Palace in Hyde Park, in London, it is used as a temporary exhibition space for the Reina Sofía National Museum, presenting contemporary art in dialogue with the park's historical heritage.

The space is large and bright, creating a pleasant experience for those who appreciate art. Even if you're not interested in the exhibitions, it's worth taking a look at the building and its natural surroundings - which is what I did, as the palace was closed for works.

Duration of visit: 30–60 minutes | Opening hours: October and March: 10 a.m. to 7 p.m. | November to February: 10 a.m. to 6 p.m. | April to September: 10 a.m. to 10 p.m. | Closed: 1 and 6 January, 1 May and 25 December, 24 and 31 December: 10 a.m. to 5 p.m.

Royal Theatre

The Teatro Real is one of Madrid's most prestigious cultural venues and a European benchmark in the world of opera and classical music. Located opposite the Royal Palace in Plaza de Oriente, this elegant 19th-century building is an essential place to visit in Madrid.

Inaugurated in 1850, the theatre stands out for its imposing architecture and sophisticated interior, with ornate rooms, chandeliers and details that reflect the style of the theatre. glamour of the great European opera houses.

The Royal Theatre is one of the most important in Europe. The programme includes opera, concerts and events. Even if you're not attending a performance, you can visit the interior.

Bank of Spain

The Banco de España is one of the country's most important institutions and occupies an imposing building next to the Cibeles Fountain. The architecture is elegant and striking, representing the economic and historical power of the institution founded in the 18th century.

Walking around the area, it's easy to see the importance of this area in the financial and administrative centre of the city. The architectural surroundings, with palaces and historic buildings, make this stop an additional point of interest for those who appreciate urbanism and history. And its proximity to the Royal Palace and the Sabatini Gardens makes it easy to combine several points of interest in your Madrid itinerary.

Banksy Museum Madrid

The Museo Banksy Madrid is a space dedicated to the work of the enigmatic urban artist Banksy. Located in the Arganzuela area, this museum presents immersive exhibitions that explore the artist's universe, combining urban art, social criticism and technology.

The highlight is the reproductions of some of Banksy's most iconic works, such as murals, installations, and settings that recreate the atmosphere of the streets where the artist usually works. I recommend to buy your ticket for the Museo Banksy Madrid.

Duration of visit: 1 hour | Opening hours: Daily: 10am to 8pm (last entry at 7.15pm)

Liria Palace

The Palacio de Liria is one of Madrid's most important private residences. Rebuilt after the Civil War, it retains its original character and houses an impressive art collection, with works by artists such as Goya and Velázquez or Rubens, as well as tapestries, historic furniture and one of the most important private libraries in Spain.

Located close to the Malasaña neighbourhood and Plaza de España, this 18th-century palace belongs to the Casa de Alba and is a fascinating place for those looking for things to see in Madrid beyond the tourist circuits.

Duration of visit: 1-1.5 hours | Opening hours: Monday: 10 a.m. to 12.45 p.m. (last access) | Tuesday to Sunday: 10 a.m. to 12.45 p.m. (last access) and 4 p.m. to 6 p.m. (last access)

King's Bridge

The Puente del Rey is one of Madrid's most symbolic bridges and links the Royal Palace area to the Casa de Campo. Built in the 19th century during the reign of Ferdinand VII, it was originally an exclusive access for the royal family. 

With the canalisation of the river, the bridge lost two arches and was widened from 4.7 metres to 25 metres to channel road traffic from Príncipe Pío towards Avenida de Portugal.

The contrast between the site's history and the modern Madrid Río project makes this area perfect for walking or cycling. Crossing the Puente del Rey, you can feel the connection between the historic city and the new urban spaces designed for leisure and quality of life.

Atocha Station

Atocha Station is Madrid's main train station and a strategic point for those who want to explore the city or travel around the country. As well as being the hub high-speed trains (AVE) connect Madrid to cities such as Barcelona, Seville, Valencia and Toledo.

The station is not only functional: the old building has been partially preserved and transformed into a pleasant space with an impressive indoor tropical garden, There are also cafés, shops and rest areas. It's common to see tourists and locals strolling through the corridors, admiring the palm trees and the peaceful atmosphere.

If you're arriving or leaving Madrid via Atocha, take the opportunity to explore the surrounding area. Close to the station is the Reina Sofia Museum, ideal for a quick visit if you have a few hours to wait. For those using the metro or buses, the station is also a central point of connection to almost all the city's neighbourhoods, making it easy to get around. 

This is also where the direct bus to Barajas airport leaves from (see below for how to get from Barajas airport to the centre of Madrid).

Other places to visit in Madrid

• Peace Market
• Las Vistillas
• Huerta de la Partida
• Caser Calderón Theatre
• Arch of St James
• Callao Square
• Church of San Jerónimo el Real
• Monument to Cervantes
• Church of San Ginés
• Conde Duque Cultural Centre
• Fountain of Apollo and the Four Seasons
• Church of San Antonio de Los Alemanes
• Salamanca neighbourhood
• Royal Botanical Garden
• Lope de Veiga Theatre
• Buenavista Palace
• Linares Palace
• Romanticism Museum

What to see in Madrid in 2 days

This itinerary is ideal for those who want to discover the essentials of Madrid, combining culture, history, markets and traditional neighbourhoods. You'll quickly realise why this city is one of Spain's most complete destinations.

Day 1: Historic centre, palaces and art

Start your first day in the heart of the city, home to some of the most iconic places for those looking for what to see in Madrid for the first time.

Morning: Puerta del Sol, Plaza Mayor and La Latina

The starting point can be Puerta del Sol, the true geographical and symbolic centre of the city. Here you'll find the famous kilometre zero marker and the sculpture of El Oso y el Madroño, the symbol of Madrid. It's a vibrant area, surrounded by shops, cafés and historic buildings.

Then head to the Plaza Mayor, one of Spain's most beautiful and historic squares. This space has been the scene of important events since the 17th century and retains its uniform architecture with arcades and elegant buildings. Take the opportunity to have a coffee or try a “bocadillo de calamares”.

Continue your walk to the La Latina neighbourhood, one of the oldest in the city. The narrow streets, hidden squares and traditional taverns create an authentic atmosphere. If it's Sunday, visit El Rastro, the city's largest open-air market.

Lunch: Market and gastronomy

Head to the Mercado de San Miguel, one of Madrid's most famous food markets. It's a great place to try modern tapas, seafood, Iberian ham and Spanish wines.

Afternoon: Royal Palace and Cathedral

After lunch, visit the Royal Palace of Madrid, one of the most impressive royal residences in Europe. The interior is luxurious, with decorated rooms, tapestries and art collections.

Right next door is the Cathedral of Santa María la Real de la Almudena, a relatively modern cathedral with an amazing interior. The view from the dome is excellent. Take a stroll through the Plaza de la Armería and the Sabatini Gardens.

Late afternoon: Temple of Debod and viewpoints

End the day at the Temple of Debod, an authentic Egyptian temple with one of the best sunset views in Madrid.

Day 2: Museums, parks and modern neighbourhoods

This day is dedicated to culture, art and the most modern areas of the city.

Morning: Art triangle

Start the day at the Prado Museum, one of the most important museums in the world, with works by Velázquez, Goya and Rubens. Then head to the Thyssen-Bornemisza Museum, with a more diverse collection, and finish at the Reina Sofía Museum, home to Picasso's famous Guernica.

Afternoon: Retiro Park

Explore El Retiro Park - one of the most emblematic green spaces. Visit the Crystal Palace and the Velázquez Palace.

Late afternoon: Gran Vía and neighbourhoods

Stroll along Gran Vía and Plaza del Callao. Finish your trip in the Malasaña or Chueca neighbourhoods.

What to see in Madrid in 3 days

This itinerary includes everything you need to see in Madrid in 2 days, but adds less touristy places and more authentic experiences.

Days 1 and 2 

Follow the 2-day itinerary in Madrid exactly.

Day 3: Alternative locations and unique experiences

This day is perfect for those looking for places to visit in Madrid off the beaten track.

Morning: Palaces and culture

Visit the Liria Palace, one of the city's most elegant private residences. Then explore the Royal Academy of Fine Arts of San Fernando.

Lunch and local markets

Head to the Antón Martín Market or the San Fernando Market, where you'll find a more local atmosphere.

Afternoon: Monuments and squares

Stroll past the Cibeles Fountain, Puerta de Alcalá and Neptune Fountain. Continue to the Parish Church of San Jerónimo El Real.

Late afternoon: Contemporary culture

Visit the Conde Duque Contemporary Culture Centre and the Banksy Madrid Museum. Finish off with a stroll across the King's Bridge.

Visiting Madrid with children

Visiting Madrid with children can be a fun experience full of discoveries, as long as you adapt your itinerary to the interests of the little ones. To begin with, the city's parks are always an excellent choice: Madrid Río Park is perfect for running, cycling or exploring the play areas along the Manzanares river. 

Close to Arganzuela Walkway, There is a veritable universe for children, with pirate ships, slides, sports fields, skate parks and even a zip line, guaranteeing hours of outdoor fun.

For more cultural moments, Madrid's museums can also be surprisingly appealing for the little ones. The Wax Museum allows you to take photos with wax figures of well-known personalities, from sports stars like Cristiano Ronaldo or Iker Casillas to international actors and musicians, making the visit fun and interactive. 

The Thyssen-Bornemisza Museum or the Prado Museum can also be adapted with short visits, focusing on colourful works or stories that spark children's imaginations.

If the day calls for adventure, the region's theme parks - such as Parque de Atracciones de Madrid or Parque Warner - are a guarantee of excitement, with rollercoasters, carousels and shows designed for all ages. 

Combining culture, nature and fun, Madrid offers countless leisure options for families, ensuring that the little ones have fun while exploring the city and that parents take the opportunity to discover its most emblematic corners.